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Abstract

Background: Diabetics have a unique set of challenges as a result of the current SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. It predisposes to a particularly severe course of the disease and doubles the risk of dying from COVID-19.

Aim: Was to study the analysis and comparison of the relationship between polymorphisms and immune cytokines in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in SARS-CoV-2 patients.

Methods: From January 2022 to April 2022, blood samples were drawn from 120 patients who were divided into three groups for a cross-sectional and case-control study admitted to COVID-19 isolation wards: 40 of whom were infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus and were mainly diabetic, 40 of whom had diabetes only, and 40 control samples. They were randomly selected, with ages ranging from (18–75) years.

Results: The results of the analysis showed that most infections are between the ages of 40–49. Also, it was clearly shown that females were infected more than males, and the comparison between the molecular examination of ACE2 (rs 1978124 and rs2074192) and cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α, resulted in the relationship between the ACE2 (rs1978124) genotype and serum IL-6 levels. For COVID-19 patients with diabetes, SNP TT (162.14 ± 99.95) compared to the CC genotype and CT, but for diabetic patients it was CC (33.11 ± 50.88). The relationship between the ACE2 (rs1978124) genotype and serum TNF-α levels was genotype CT (204.52 ± 76.64) in COVID-19 patients with diabetes, while diabetic patients had genotype TT (82.08 ± 34.00). The relationship between the ACE2 (rs2074192) genotype and serum IL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients with diabetes was CT (193.13 ± 86.75) compared to the CC and TT genotypes, and diabetic patients were CC (41.63 ± 54.04) pg/ml compared to TT genotype and CT. The ACE2 (rs2074192) genotype and serum TNF-α levels in COVID-19 patients with diabetes were TT (172.31 ± 84.77); diabetic patients were CC (79.92 ± 36.51).

Conclusions: ACE2 is known to be a receptor for COVID-19, which is expressed in most cells of the human body, an important factor and an exacerbation problem in genetically susceptible individuals. The morbidity and mortality rates of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia are affected by innate immunity. It was observed through the results that the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas were infected, either with the virus or the cytokine storm, which leads to diabetes type 2.

Article Type

Article

First Page

10

Last Page

16

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Copyright (c) 2025 AL-QADISIYAH MEDICAL JOURNAL

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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