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Abstract

Background: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and variable airflow limitation. It affects millions worldwide and results from complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Aim: To evaluate serum IL-12 levels and miRNA-140-5p expression in asthma patients compared to healthy controls and to explore their potential as diagnostic and follow-up biomarkers. Methods: The study included 60 patients diagnosed with asthma and 40 apparently healthy controls. Venous blood samples (5 mL) were collected under aseptic conditions from each participant. Serum IL-12 concentrations were measured using ELISA, and miRNA-140-5p expression was quantified by RT-qPCR following standard protocols. Results: Analysis revealed a significant elevation in serum IL-12 concentrations among asthma patients (mean ± SD: 1432.5 pg/mL) compared with healthy controls (560.5 pg/mL; p = 0.001), demonstrating perfect discriminatory power (AUC = 1.0). Conversely, miRNA-140-5p expression levels were markedly downregulated in the patient group, with a mean fold change of 1.46 relative to 10.11 in controls (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Elevated IL-12 and reduced miRNA-140-5p may serve as simple, noninvasive biomarkers reflecting airway inflammation and alteration in asthma.

Article Type

Review

First Page

109

Last Page

113

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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