A total of 44 clinical cases which clinically diagnosed as onychomycosis of those patients whom admitted the consult of dermatology and venereal diseases in AL-Diwanyia Teaching Hospital at the period from August- 2010 to June 2011.Nial clipping samples were taken from both gender and different ages to examine directly by KOH smear preparation and /or culturing on sabourauds Dextrose agar to isolate and identify the etiological agent .The results revealed that moulds ( Aspergillus spp.) constitute( 95.46%) and yeast ( Candida albicans ) (4.64%) as etiological agent of onychomycosis.According to age, the isolation percent was high (79.54%) in ages (30-40)years old and lowest(6.82%) in ages (50-60) years old,while in females,th percent of isolation was (45.46%) and males (54.54%). The MIC values of ketoconazole,griseofluvin and nystatin were determined for fungal isolates and ranged(1.2-4.12mg/ml) for ketoconazole,(2.6 62.5mg/ml) for griseofluvin and (1.2- 15.75mg/ml) for nystatin.In addition to that , the toenails was the most infected (79%) than the fingr nails (21%).
