Antihyperglycemic effect of n-butanol extract of celery (Apium graveolens) seeds and expression level of pancreatic, placental and fetal Sox17, Pax6, Ins1, Ins2 and Glucagon genes in STZ-induced diabetic female rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Abstract

The study is designed to clarify the influence of induced diabetes mellitus on maternal rats and their fetus at different stages (14, 16, and 18) days of gestation. Diabetes mellitus was induce in (75) female's rats (Rattus norvegicus) before mating by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg of animal body weight) one dose intrapersonal injection, all animals were isolated and divided into two groups (non-diabetic and diabetic group), each group (36) female, also each group subdivided into two groups, health females group as control and the subgroup that treated with n-butanolic extract of celery seeds (60 mg/kg of body weight daily). While, the diabetic group had been subdivided into two groups too, one of them had been treated with celery seeds extraction, but another one had diabetes mellitus without treated, each of the four groups contains (18) females which had been separated as three equal groups (6) at each period (14, 16, and 18) days of gestation. There were many macroscopic observations reported by the current study,  include the still birth in addition to differences in size between the fetuses which was tend to increased (macrosomia) in the diabetic groups resulted from hyperglycemic mothers, furthermore there are a difference  in the number of fetuses in the horns of uterus. Molecular study of (Sox17, Pax6, Insulin1, Insulin2, and Glucagon genes) in the tissues of (pancreas of mothers, placentas, and fetuses) was refer to the decrease in the level of gene expression in diabetic groups but there are a great increased of it in the groups that treated with celery seeds extract, for all genes of all tissues and in all stages of gestation. It has been concluded that there is an effect of the extract at the genetic level in the tissues studied