From 392 isolate of UTI inpatients were collected from maternity and pediatrics teaching hospital in Al-Diwanyia city, from September 2008 to June 2010. About 37 samples gave a positive cultures. Results also showed a high increment rate of UTI in the females that males 268 (68.2%) females & 124( 31.8%) males . E. coli was the major pathogen of UTI 276 (70.4%) of total cases, the second important pathogen was Proteus spp. (15.8%) while the other causes of UTI were Candida albicans (6.12%), Staph. aureus ( 4.33%), Pseudomonas aerugenosa ( 1.53%), Streptococcus spp. (0.72%), Klebsiella spp. ( 0.5%) & Enterococcus spp. 0.5% . Immunological findings included the determiation of serum levels of IgG, IgM and IgA , Tumor necrosis factor alpha and beta were also documented . Results showed that IgG concentrations significantly increased 7.765 in patients in comparison to health control groupwhich was 1.25 , While IgM concentrations was decreased in patients (3.76) in comparison to healthy control (13.89). IgA concentrations was increased too in patients (15.73) while in control group was 2.86 . Tumor necrosis factor alpha levels was clearly increased (237.5) pg/ml in patients in comparison to control (10.5) pg/ml. Tumor necrosis factor beta concentration was also increased in patients (213.11) pg/ml and in control was (14.8) pg/ml. That’s explain the importance of studies on UTI and the importance of using an immunological parameters to monitor the disease development and effectivity of the antimicrobial chemotherapy against such diseases.
