The predictive ability of AMH for positive pregnancy in women undergoing ICSI

Abstract

Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta family and is chemical structure is a dimeric glycoprotein. The granulosa cells of the antral follicles are the source of secretion of this hormone. It has been shown that serum level of such hormone can be a marker of the count of ovarian follicles and hence can be used as a marker of ovarian reserve.

Aim of study: By examining the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) in relation to AMH levels in women who had ICSI cycles, this retrospective study sought to ascertain the predictive usefulness of AMH levels for pregnancy outcomes.

Patients and methods: In the present retrospective cohort study, the clinical reports of 100 women were analyzed. Those women underwent ICSI cycles at The Higher Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproduction Technologies, Baghdad, Iraq. Inclusion criteria: Unexplained infertility, cases with actual embryo transfer (fresh embryos), and the use of A gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol. Exclusion criteria: women with no retrieved oocytes, women with no embryo transfer, and male infertility, female factor infertility.

Results: Univariate analysis showing the possible predictors of positive pregnancy outcome revealed that positive pregnancy outcome is associated with lower BMI, 24.16 ±2.76 kg/m2 versus 27.35 ±3.56 kg/m2 (p < 0.001), higher level of AMH 3.81 ±4.49 versus 2.57 ±1.15 (p = 0.028) and greater number of transferred embryos, 3.19 ±0.81 versus 2.46 ±1.09 (p = 0.005). Logistic regression analysis showed that, lower BMI and higher level of AMH were associated significantly with positive pregnancy outcome, p = 0.002 and p = 0.040, respectively.

Conclusion: lower body mass index within normal range and higher serum level of AMH are good predictors of positive pregnancy outcome in women undergoing ICIS cycles.