The present study was carried out to investigate the immunological status of special category of patients who were ongoing Hemodialysis process as they at End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).The study group (patients) included were 82 individuals who were regularly attending HD units at AL-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital and AL-Hakeem Teaching Hospital (AL-Najaf AL-Ashraf) / Iraq during the period Nov.2008 - Aug.2009. Another two control groups; the 1st (n=50)who were apparently healthy and the 2nd(n=32) patients with UTI other than ESRD. They all subjected to a questionnaire form regarding many general variables. Blood samples collected and each divided into tow aliquots; the 1st for hematology and the second (serum) for biochemical and serology tests including IFN-γ and IL-8 assays using ELISA. The interesting results those of serum IFN-γ, IL-8(pg/ml) and CRP(mg/ml) among the three study groups; the median concentration of IFN- γ in HD patients and renal disease (not failure) was zero , while it was 0.05 in healthy control. However, the only significant difference was between the first and third groups. Interleukin -8 has seem to be more significant different as it has had median concentration of, 24.1, 23.7, and 104.1 in the three groups above , respectively.
