Epidemiological And Molecular Characteristics Of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis In Al-Diwanyiah hospital

Abstract

Aims of study: The current study aimed to epidemiological identification and molecular detection of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Diwanyiah province by using the nested PCR method.

 Material and methods: The present study include (145) patient came to the dermatology lab. of Al-Diwanyiah hospital with suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis at period from (September 2016 to the April 2017).  Epidemiological  finding including study of age, sex and periods of infection, than, (50) suspected patient samples  out of (145) patients samples undergo to performed  Nested PCR technique, the frozen skin lesion samples  were exposed to genomic DNA extraction step and  Nested PCR was carried out by using specific primer for Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) for detection and identification cutaneous Leishmania species, such as L. major and L. tropica.

Results: Our study shows infection of CL in the male(67) (46.2%) and the female(78) (53.8%) and it found Age (1-12month)(5) (3.5%) ; (1-10year):(42)(28.9%) ; (10-20year):(46%) (31%); (20-30 year): (19)(13.4%) ; (30-40 year):(14%) (9.85%) ; in more than 40  year(19) (13.4%); .Also the highest infection rate of CL were appeared during December 2016 (30.5 %), while the lowest were during April 2017 (2% ).The nested PCR was shown specific identification of cutaneous leishmaniosis. Where, the results shown (38) positive samples out of 50 samples at (78%) as cutaneous leishmaniosis. 28/38 positive at (73.7%) as L.major  and 10 /38 positive at (26.3%) as L. tropica. The nested PCR amplification was 560bp product size for L.major   and 750bp product size for L. tropica on Agarose gel electrophoresis.

Conclusion: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis  infected both sex , all age and more prevalence in young  patients with high infection rate during December. Both L. major and L. tropica were the causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis but L.major was the main species in study area.